In the context of TQM, how is a process defined?

In Total Quality Management (TQM), a process is fundamentally understood as a value-added transformation that takes inputs and converts them into outputs. This definition emphasizes that a process is not merely a collection of activities or steps but rather a systematic approach that focuses on creating value through transformation.

The concept of inputs and outputs is crucial because it highlights the transformative nature of processes—inputs can include raw materials, information, or resources, and the outputs are the finished goods or services that deliver value to customers. This perspective aligns with TQM's focus on improving quality and efficiency, as it encourages organizations to analyze and optimize these transformations to increase customer satisfaction and business effectiveness.

By framing a process as a value-added transformation, organizations are encouraged to identify areas where they can enhance the process to deliver better quality and efficiency. This focus on value addition helps teams prioritize efforts on improving processes that directly impact customer satisfaction and overall performance, which is a key objective of TQM.