Which technique is used for investigating the root cause of a problem by repeatedly asking 'Why'?

The technique that is specifically designed to investigate the root cause of a problem by asking "Why" repeatedly is the 5-Whys Technique. This method is grounded in the principle that by continuously probing the reasons behind an issue, you can peel back the layers of symptoms to uncover the fundamental causes. Typically, this involves asking "Why" five times, though the number can vary depending on the complexity of the problem encountered.

The strength of the 5-Whys Technique lies in its simplicity and the depth of insight it provides. It encourages team members to engage in discussion and deliberation, which often reveals insights that might not have been considered otherwise. This inquiry can lead to better understanding and identification of true root causes, which is essential for effective problem solving and implementing lasting solutions.

In contrast, the other options serve different purposes. The 5S Methodology focuses on workplace organization and efficiency; the Fishbone Diagram (or Ishikawa Diagram) is used for categorizing potential causes of problems and visualizing their relationships; and SWOT Analysis evaluates the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization or project. Thus, these techniques, while valuable in their contexts, do not specifically address the iterative inquiry process that defines the 5-